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Phonetics

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```embed

title: “국제음성기호(IPA) 한 번에 배우기” image: “https://i.ytimg.com/vi/u3K0cmKvBQ8/maxresdefault.jpg” description: “국제음성기호 IPA 자음: https://mouchengzhai.tistory.com/283국제음성기호 IPA 모음: https://mouchengzhai.tistory.com/284IPA Chart With Sounds: https://www.internationalphoneti…” url: “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u3K0cmKvBQ8&list=LL” favicon: “https://www.youtube.com/s/desktop/c4f16ce6/img/favicon_32x32.png” aspectRatio: “56.25”

```embed
title: "IPA Chart with Sounds – International Phonetic Alphabet Sounds"
image: "https://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/international-phonetical-alphabet-logo-v1-3.jpg"
description: "The interactive International Phonetic Alphabet chart and online resource. Listen to each of the sounds from the International Phonetic Alphabet. IPA chart sounds and symbols."
url: "https://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/ipa-sounds/ipa-chart-with-sounds/"
favicon: "https://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ipa-favicon.ico"
aspectRatio: "17.801047120418847"

title: "Seeing Speech: IPA Charts"
image: "https://seeingspeech.ac.uk/graphics/seeingspeech-logo.png"
description: ""
url: "https://seeingspeech.ac.uk/ipa-charts/"
favicon: "https://seeingspeech.ac.uk/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"
aspectRatio: "121.33333333333334"

International Phonetic Alphabet Chart

Speech Organs

Consonants

Consonants

The Features of Consonants

  • Place of articulation: where is the obstruction occurring in the mouth?
  • Manner of articulation: what is the airflow doing leaving your vocal tract?
  • Voicing: are the vocal folds vibrating or not?

Consonant Phone Examples

  • Fricative
    • Voiceless palatal fricative [ç]: German ich[ɪç]
    • Voiceless velar fricative [x]: Mandarin 哈 [xā]
    • Voiced uvular fricative[ʁ]: Arabic: غ[ʁ]
    • Voiceless pharyngeal fricative[ħ]Arabic: ح[ħ]
  • Nasal
    • Voiced labiodental nasal [ɱ]: English emphasis[ɛɱfəsɪs]
    • Voiced palatal nasal ɲ: Spanish ña
  • Trills and Flaps
    • Voiced alveolar trill [r]: Spanish carro[karo]
    • Voiced alveolar flap [ɾ]: American English kitty[kɪɾi], atom[æɾəm]
    • Voiced uvular trill [ʀ]: French fromage[fʀomaʒ], German rauchen[ʀaʊxən]
  • Lateral Approximant
    • Voiced palatal lateral approximant [ʎ]: Spanish dialect Gallo[gaʎo], Italian famiglia[famiʎʎa]
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Vowels

Vowels

American English Vowels

The features of vowels

  • Tongue height
  • Tongue positionc
  • Lip rounding

Diphthongs

Vowel Phone Examples

English Vowels

  • Front close unrounded [i]: English beat[bit]
  • Front close unrounded float [ɪ]: English bit[bɪt]
  • Front open-mid unrounded [ɛ]: English bet[bɛt]
  • Front open unrounded float [æ]: English bat[bæt]
  • Back close rounded [u]: English boot[but], food[fud]
  • Back close rounded float [ʊ]: English foot[fʊt]
  • Back open-mid rounded [ɔ]: English bough[bɔt]
  • Back open unrounded [ɑ]: English [kɑt]
  • Back open-mid unrounded [ʌ]: English run[rʌn]
  • Unrounded central float [ə]: English about[əbɑɑt]

Others

  • Front close rounded [y]: French tu[ty], German kühl[kyl]
  • Back close unrounded [ɯ]: Japanese フ[ɸɯ]
  • Front close-mid rounded[ø]: French feu[fø]
  • Central close unrounded [ɨ]: Korean 음[ɨm]

Diacritics

  • Voiceless [ ̥]: Japanese 人[hi̥to], あります[aɾimasɯ̥]
  • Nasal vowel [ ̃]: French pends[pɑ̃]
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Syllable

Syllable

Syllable Structure

  • Syllable: A syllable consists of an onset and a rhyme.
    • Onset: An onset is always a sequence of consonants.
    • Rhyme: A rhyme consists of a nucleus and a coda.
      • Nucleus: A nucleus is a vowel.
      • Coda: A coda is a sequence of consonants.

Syllabic Consonants

Nasals and approximants can be syllabic; they can serve as a vowel within a syllable nucleus.

chasm[kæzm̩], simple[sɪmpl̩], ladder[aæɾɹ̩], eternal[itɹ̩nl̩], lion[laɪn̩], line[laɪn]

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Suprasegmental Features

Suprasegmental Features

Suprasegmental features are features which go beyond an individual segment.

Stress

A stressed syllable is louder and carries more emphasis.

explanation[ɛksplə'neɪʃən], telegraphic[tɛlə'gɹæfɪk]

Tone

Tonal Languages (pink: pitch-accent languages, red: tone languages)

In some languages, the tone of a syllable matters for the meaning of a word. Pitch-accented languages: stressed syllables have high tone.

Length

Length is the time taken to articulate a segment.

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Graph View

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